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1.4.1 - Nitrogen N2

Nitrogen is an inert gas, colourless, non combustible, non toxic, odourless and with suffocating effect. In its elemental state nitrogen forms very stable, bi-atomic molecules. Nitrogen is almost inert as a reagent and is used as a dilutent for oxygen. Suffocation in gas mixtures rich in nitrogen is a consequence of the lack of oxygen, but by no means a toxic effect of nitrogen. Nitrogen is an indispensable nutrient, it forms about 3% of the body weight of a human being. The technical generation of nitrogen takes place through the decomposition of air, i.e. through fractionating liquid air and it reaches the market in green coloured steel bottles at a pressure of about 200 bar. The element nitrogen obtains its technical significance through its inertness in reaction i.e. as an inert or protective gas, as propellant for sprays, for diluting easily flammable gases. Approximately 85% of the nitrogen produced is used in the fertiliser industry.